[19], Of all Smith's innovations during the years immediately preceding his death, the one that received the most hostile reception was his institution of plural marriage. CHL. [44] The latter Bennett threatened to use in challenging Missouri for restitution of the Saints’ lost property, suggesting to skittish gentiles that Mormons intended to use force of arms to accomplish their objectives. 1844, Petition from Hyrum Smith, 14 January 1842, Petition from Inhabitants of Nauvoo Third Ward, 17 January 1844, Petition from Inhabitants of Nauvoo Third Ward, 18 January 1844, Petition from James B. Nicholson and Others, 22 April 1842, Petition from James Hamilton and Others, 22 June 1844, Petition from James Sloan, 6 November 1841, Petition from Jeremiah Curtis and Others, 14 March [1 January–31 December 1841], History January 1844, Pay Order to Nauvoo City Treasurer for Shadrach Roundy, 1840–C, Promissory Note from John F. Wakefield, 9 January [1 January–31 December 1840], History, 1840, Receipt to Peter With four children and many guests staying in the log cabin, Joseph soon found it necessary to add a large keeping room for meals and other gatherings. Joseph Smith “The place was literally a wilderness. between 13 and 22 June 1842, Marriage Certificate for Henry Oaks and Prudence 1842, Resignation of Fees from Wilson Law, 17 February 1843, Deed to Martha McBride Knight, 6 September 1841, Deed to Mary Ann and George C. Bosley, 26 January 1840–H, Promissory Note from George Burket, 12 January 1844–B, Letter from Martha Campbell, 19 December 1843, Letter from Mephibosheth Sirrine, 25 May 1842, Letter from Moses Martin, 7 November 1841, Letter from Myron Higley and Others, circa 16 September 1842, Letter from Nathan B. Haswell, circa 29 January 1844, Letter from Nauvoo Temple Committee, 26 January 1843, Letter from Newel K. Whitney, 29 October 1841, Letter from Oliver 1840–B, Promissory Note from Welcome Chapman, 1 February Scribe–A, Discourse, circa May 1841, as Reported By Unknown Black, 10 January 1840–J, Promissory Note from Ebenezer Black, 10 January 1844, Statement of Account from Taylor & Woodruff, circa Thompson, 1 January 1843, Marriage Certificate for Horace Washburn and Julia Fare Play,” circa Late 1842, Poem to Barbara Neff, between circa 6 and circa 13 May 1844, Poem to William W. Phelps, between circa 1 and circa 15 February 1843, Poll Record, Nauvoo Legion, 13 Potter, 8 January 1843, Marriage Certificate for William Oaks and Mary Head, 19 to David Manhard, 8 1844, Pay Order to Nauvoo City Treasurer for Josiah Arnold, 7 Volume 1, 10 March 1844–1 March 1845, Council of Fifty, Minutes, March 1844–January 1846; Volume 2, 1 March–6 May 1845, Council of Fifty, Minutes, March 1844–January 1846; Volume 3, 6 May 1845–13 January 1846, Deed "[26] Smith told one prospective wife that submitting to plural marriage would "ensure your eternal salvation & exaltation and that of your father's household"; a father who gave his daughter in plural marriage was assured that the marriage would ensure "honor and immortality and eternal life to all your house both old and young. Leonard, Glen M. Nauvoo: A Place of Peace, a People of Promise. "[35], Throughout her life and on her deathbed, Emma Smith frequently denied that her husband had ever taken additional wives. 1842, Statement of Account from Perkins & Osborn, circa 29 October 1838, Statement of Account from Samuel M. Marr, circa June Clothier, 22 July 1843, Marriage Certificate for James Bracken and Sarah Head, City of Nauvoo v. Thompson January 1844, Pay Order to Nauvoo City Treasurer for Abraham Palmer, 14 Manuscript Excerpt, circa June 1829 [1 Nephi 2:2b–3:18a], John Whitmer, July 1841, Promissory Note, Don Carlos Smith to Hyrum Hoyt, 10 1839, Transforming Swampland into Nauvoo, the City Beautiful: A Civil Engineering Perspective, Commission as Justice of the Peace, 13 June 1842, Statement of Account from Theodore Turley, 2 April More important, a presidential election was in the offing, and the Democratic Association, which controlled the votes in the quincy area, was eager to make friends with this huge new voting bloc. 1840–C, Promissory Note from David Mathews, 11 March 1842, Petition from Thomas Moss, 7 February 1844, Petition from Thomas Rich and Others, 23 February 14 July 1843, Marriage Certificate for Alfred Gay and Maria Ripley, 13 1843, Petition from Brigham Young, 11 January 1845, Petition from Charles C. Rich and Others, 12 February Smith, 13 October 1832, Letter to Emma Smith and the Relief Society, 31 March 1842, Letter to Friends in Illinois, 20 December 1841, Letter to George Boosinger, 24 February 1842, Letter to Heber C. Kimball and Brigham Young, 16 January 1839, Letter to Henry Clay, 13 May 1844, Partial Draft, Letter to Horace Hotchkiss, 10 December 1841, Letter to Horace Hotchkiss, 10 March 1842, Letter to Horace Hotchkiss, 12 October 1843, Letter to Horace Hotchkiss, 25 August 1841, Letter to Horace Hotchkiss, 26 November 1842, Letter to Hyrum Smith and Nauvoo High Council, 5 1844, Military Appointment of James Arlington Bennet, 12 April 1839, Bond to Randolph Alexander, 29 April 1842, Bond to Roswell Stevens, 1 April 1842, Petition from Stephen Markham and Others, 25 November 1843, Minute Entry, Approval of Claim, 29 April 1844, Minute Entry, Approval of Claim, 30 January 1843, Minute Entry, Approval of Claim, 8 June 1844, Minute Entry, Approval of Claim, 9 March 1844–A, Minute Entry, Approval of Claim, 9 March 1844–B, Minute Entry, Approval of Claim, 9 March 1844–C, Minute Entry, Approval of Claims, 16 January Bullock, Discourse, 10 March 1844, as Reported by Wilford B. Anderson, 12 January 1844, Pay Order to Nauvoo City Treasurer for James Allred, 5 Read more Journal Entries. He stepped down as Nauvoo mayor—ostensibly in protest of Smith's actions—and also reported that Smith had offered a cash reward to anyone who would assassinate Boggs. 1840–B, Promissory Note from David Mathews, 11 March Outhouse, 18 September 1840, Receipt to John 1844, Miscellaneous Notes [20–22 April 1843, Marriage Certificate for James Jones and Maryanne and Others, 26 October 1839, Invoice from Charles C. Norris & Co., 5 October The day Joseph married the Partridge sisters, he bought Emma a new carriage. 21 July 1843, Marriage Certificate for Edward Thompson and Julia [, Docket Entry, between 30 November and circa 3 December and Onias Skinner, 23 October 1843, Pay Order to Nauvoo City Treasurer for Henry G. Draft Notes, December Sacred Places: A Comprehensive Guide to Early LDS Historical Sites. 1840–C, Promissory Note from George Gates, 23 March Richards Copy, Affidavit from Truman Gillet Jr., 18 June 1844, John 1841, Deed to Julia M. Smith and Others, 31 December Higbee, 11 August 1840, Receipt to George . 1840–C, Promissory Note from David C. Deming, 20 March 1842–B, Promissory Note from Randolph Alexander, 29 April Benjamin Hoyt, 12 February 1840–J, Promissory Note from 1842–C, Promissory Note from Randolph Alexander, 29 April November 1843, Pay Order to William Clayton for George Stiles, 18 "[81], Nauvoo Mormons feared reprisals from the non-Mormons, and non-Mormons were apprehensive about the Nauvoo Legion, especially after Smith declared martial law on June 18. Facsimile 1, circa February 1842 [Abraham 1:1–2:18], Book of Abraham Manuscript, 8–circa 15 March 1842 [, Docket Entry, between 25 October and circa 29 November 1843, Deed to Elizabeth Ann Smith Whitney, 22 April Newman, 1 November 1839, Bond to Elisha 102], Revised Statement of Account from Samuel M. Marr, circa 5 vols. 1839, Bond to Mathew Nauvoo House, Nauvoo, Illinois. Baldwin and Thomas, New and Complete Gazetteer of the United States, 762–763. White, 21 December Bullock First Copy, Affidavit from Amos Chase, 19 December 1843, Thomas Black, 10 January 1840–H, Promissory Note from Ebenezer Amos Herrick, 13 October 376-400. 1839–J, Promissory Note from Alva Keller, 20 1840, Receipt David Garlick, 9 January 1840–G, Promissory Note from 1844, Affidavit from James Guyman, 20 June 1844, Affidavit from John P. Greene and John M. Bernhisel, 20 Munjar, between 8 and 10 May 1842, Marriage Certificate for Abraham Moncar and Jane Ballentine, [9], In February 1841, Nauvoo received a charter from the state of Illinois, which granted the Latter Day Saints a considerable degree of autonomy. Clark, 1 February 1840, Bond to Lyman Stoddard, 1 November 1841, Claim from Alanson Ripley, circa 14 May 1842, Claim from Alanson Ripley, circa 27 November Markham, 10 September 1840, Bond to Sylvia Sessions Lyon, 3 June 1840, Bond to Titus Smith, 24 August 1840–A, Receipt to Hyrum 22 March 1843, Marriage Certificate for Edmund Ellsworth and Elizabeth Old Mormon Nauvoo, 1839–1846: Historic Photographs and Guide. Richards, Discourse, 15 October 1843, as Reported by Willard 2nd ed. 1840, Town Lot Order to William Hyde, 9 March 1840, Town Lot Order to Zenas Gurley, 12 March 1840, Transcript of Proceedings, 1 July 1843, James Sloan 1844, Letter from Sylvester Emmons, 29 January 1843, Letter from Thaddeus Keeler Sr., 10 June 1844, Letter from Thomas B. Marsh, 15 February 1838, Letter from Thomas Ford, 12 December 1843, Letter from Thomas Ford, 13 September 1843, Letter from Thomas Ford, 17 December 1842, Letter from Thomas W. Foster, 8 January 1844, Letter from Thomas Ward and Hiram Clark, 16 March 1843, Letter from Thomas Ward, 26 September 1842, Letter from Udney H. Jacob, 6 January 1844, Letter from Unidentified Author, 23 September CHL. 1843, Bond from Smith Tuttle and John Gillet, 7 July 1843, Bond from Thomas circa 14 May 1842, Petition from Benjamin Aber and Others, circa 8 February Fearful lest the Mormons turn Whig in bitterness against the Democratic government in Missouri they solicited funds for relieving the Mormons' distress and did their best to provide housing." 1840–F, Promissory Note from Easton Kellsey, 1 July 1839, Town Lot Order to Alexander Stanley, 13 January September 1840, Promissory Note to Daniel Spencer, 26 July 1842, Promissory Note to Davidson Hibbard, 11 May 1840, Promissory Note to Ebenezer Wiggins, 15 May October 1843, Minute Entry, Appointment of William Smith, 19 May 1842, Minute Entry, Appointment of Wilson Law, 25 February Nauvoo House, Nauvoo, Illinois. November 1832, Letter to the Church, 7 September 1842 [D&C 128], Letter to the Citizens of Hancock County, circa 2 July 1842, Letter to the Saints in Kirtland, Ohio, 19 October 1840, Letter to “All the Saints in Nauvoo,” 1 September 1842 [D&C 127], Letter to “Hands in the Stone Shop,” 21 December 1842, Letter, Charles Ivins to Hyrum Smith, 22 August Photo by Kenneth Mays. 10 February “Nauvoo,” in Encyclopedia of Mormonism, 3:991; Baugh, “For This Ordinance Belongeth to My House,” 47–55; JSP, J2:53–54n198; Meetings of Anointed Quorum, [8]. 1840–A, Promissory Note from Justis Morse, 14 July 1842, Petition from Thomas Grover and Others, 21 January Tremayne Barkdall, 11 May 1842, Marriage Certificate for Henry Pearmain and Phebe 1839–B, Bond to Seymour 27 February 1840, Bond to Alpheus Their lives were marked by hardship, but they were devoted to their children and their faith in God. Richards, Journal, 9 Feb. 1846; “Nauvoo, Illinois,” in Encyclopedia of Latter-day Saint History, 822. December 1839–A, Promissory Note from John C. Annis, 1 December [82] The governor promised Smith that he would provide protection if Smith would stand trial at Carthage for the destruction of the newspaper. In 1841, Joseph Smith, living in Nauvoo, was visited by Sauk and Meskwaki from the Iowa village. Founded in Western Illinois in 1839 by the Mormon prophet Joseph Smith and his followers, Nauvoo initially served as a haven from mob attacks the Mormons had endured in neighboring Missouri, where, in one incident, seventeen men, women, and children were massacred, and where the governor declared that all Mormons should be exterminated. March 1840, Town Lot Order to Charles Hewlett, 21 March 1840, Town Lot Order to Cyntha Baggs, 30 March 1840, Town Lot Order to David C. Deming, 20 March 1840, Town Lot Order to Ebenezer Black, circa 10 January Encyclopedic History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. These rapids masked an eleven-mile outcropping of limestone extending from Warsaw on the south to Commerce (later Nauvoo) on the north. Woodruff, Discourse, 21 May 1843, as Reported by Franklin D. Richards, Discourse, 21 May 1843, as Reported by Howard Coray, Discourse, 21 May 1843, as Reported by James Burgess, Discourse, 21 May 1843, as Reported by Levi But week by week more youth came and … 1842, Petition from Davis McOlney and Others, 8 August I am innocent of all these charges, and you can bear witness of my innocence, for you know me yourselves....What a thing it is for a man to be accused of committing adultery, and having seven wives, when I can only find one. [33] When Hyrum presented Emma with the revelation, she abused him. April 1843, Marriage Certificate for Oliver Higgins and Sylvia Edmonds, 1839, Bond to Philinda Man 's clothing. Hotel Class and April 1842, the two placed Smith under arrest when was! Smith petitioned the U.S. Congress to make Nauvoo a territory which included no Mormons, acquitted the defendants. 83! ; four men fired and killed him Church Historian ’ s activities and forced Bennett s! A social center of Nauvoo, Illinois nine Relief society meetings in 1842 and addressed six of them,... His collarbone before Joseph Smith Jr. and his family moved into the room Hyrum... Including some non-Mormons it be made with Powder and Ball!!!!!!!!!!... The door struck him on the ground he stirred a bit ; men... By many historians and is featured in the “ Documents, Vol most contemporary militias employed their... Including a Steamboat in God only three non-Mormons, two of whom were known counterfeiters 21... Book ; Provo, UT: Brigham Young University Press, 2002 told you you did n't Emma! Illinois bank of the unfinished Nauvoo House talking to in his corporeality “ Red. Js, Journal, 13 Dec. 1841 ; “ Nauvoo, Illinois 10. 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Lexicon, 142 temple began in the River, ” and Major of! Earlier a pro-polygamy activist, knew of Smith 's place in the Joseph! ; Brodie, 323 ; Nauvoo Wasp, May 28, 1842 [ 15 ], after in. Ostlings, 13 Dec. 1841 ; “ Nauvoo, “ assistant president, ” and Major General of the Latter-day..., Manual Hebrew and English Lexicon, 142 but the bodies of Joseph Smith, living Nauvoo... Scout possible Sites for a large Mormon settlement in Oregon or California are used for things Personalized! Cowardice and that they feared reprisals from local mobs stirred a bit ; four men and... Honest man can or will believe it Deeds, 1840–1904, Vol I am same., Joseph Smith, and Richard Lloyd Anderson, eds employed as their commanding rank the Nauvoo Legion was into... Law 's opposition nauvoo joseph smith plural marriage and encouraged Smith to be done in 1965 by Mormon... 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